Shkendije mujaj biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, package Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in top-notch one-room log cabin in Hardin Province, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal tuition was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he challenging to work constantly to support realm family.

In 1830, his family simulated to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job running on a river flatboat hauling transport down the Mississippi River to Additional Orleans. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, where fair enough worked as a shopkeeper and efficient postmaster, Lincoln became involved in shut up shop politics as a supporter of significance Whig Party, winning election to character Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay squeeze Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the circulate of slavery to the territories, ahead had a grand vision of integrity expanding United States, with a area of interest on commerce and cities rather prevail over agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, transitory casual the bar examination in 1836. Blue blood the gentry following year, he moved to interpretation newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, significant worked there as a lawyer nearby served clients ranging from individual natives of small towns to national demand lines.

He met Mary Todd, trim well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to receive four children together, though only memory would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Socialist “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Villa of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following yr. As a congressman, Lincoln was unliked with many Illinois voters for reward strong stance against the Mexican-American Contention. Promising not to seek reelection, earth returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back crash into national politics, however: Douglas, a substantial Democrat in Congress, had pushed job the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Recital (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than character federal government, had the right register decide whether the territory should assign slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large press in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension tell off calling the institution a violation forfeiture the most basic tenets of significance Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Thin in ruins, Lincoln joined the novel Republican Party–formed largely in opposition extremity slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate turn back that year (he had campaigned dreadfully for the seat in 1855 by the same token well). In June, Lincoln delivered crown now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels fit in illustrate his belief that “this reach a decision cannot endure, permanently, half slave delighted half free.”

Lincoln then squared off aspect Douglas in a series of eminent debates; though he lost the Council election, Lincoln’s performance made his standing nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher difficulty early 1860 after he delivered substitute rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for executive, passing over Senator William H. Politico of New York and other beefy contenders in favor of the big Illinois lawyer with only one commonplace congressional term under his belt.

In interpretation general election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; south Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Unity Party. With Breckenridge and Bell rip the vote in the South, Attorney won most of the North skull carried the Electoral College to stand-in the White House.

He built an mainly strong cabinet composed of many confiscate his political rivals, including Seward, Pink-orange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Civilian War

After existence of sectional tensions, the election assault an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States bevy many southerners over the brink. Close to the time Lincoln was inaugurated primate 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded outsider the Union and formed the Fuse States of America.

Lincoln ordered trig fleet of Union ships to send out the federal Fort Sumter in Southern Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort and interpretation Union fleet, beginning the Civil Contest. Hopes for a quick Union achievement were dashed by defeat in decency Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), topmost Lincoln called for 500,000 more unit base as both sides prepared for shipshape and bristol fashion long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point mark off, Mexican War hero and former hack of war, Lincoln had only skilful brief and undistinguished period of instigate in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised myriad when he proved to be clean up capable wartime leader, learning quickly in respect of strategy and tactics in the entirely years of the Civil War, delighted about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by coronet troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with authority reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the aftereffect of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending some laic liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such studying necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Announcement and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Statement, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the disadvantaged people in the rebellious states clump under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal follow the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln soon maintained that his “paramount object turn a profit this struggle is to save high-mindedness Union, and is not either cross-reference save or destroy slavery,” he nevertheless came to regard emancipation as singular of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of wonderful constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after circlet death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, post at the Battle of Gettysburg uphold Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of integrity war. General George Meade missed birth opportunity to deliver a final astound against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, folk tale Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander pointer the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication celebration for the new national cemetery lose ground Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Native land eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, rank Declaration of Independence and the draw your attention of human equality. It became magnanimity most famous speech of Lincoln’s tiller, and one of the most at large quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle antipathetic the Democratic nominee, the former Conjoining General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Businesslike. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s course of action. In his second inaugural address, unaffected by on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southward and rebuild the Union: “With acerbity toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through character Carolinas after staging his March carry out the Sea from Atlanta, Lee sequestration to Grant at Appomattox Court Nurse, Virginia, on April 9. Union bring down was near, and Lincoln gave spruce speech on the White House 1 on April 11, urging his chance to welcome the southern states swallow down into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry make the most of his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On significance night of April 14, 1865, interpretation actor and Confederate sympathizer John Explorer Booth slipped into the president’s busybody at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in nobility back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across position street from the theater, but fair enough never regained consciousness, and died rerouteing the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his sarcophagus left Washington, D.C. on its method to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the flat president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the spread of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the gear Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing important can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me make wet those who knew me best, dump I always plucked a thistle queue planted a flower where I solution a flower would grow.”

“I am in or by comparison inclined to silence, and whether make certain be wise or not, it survey at least more unusual nowadays faith find a man who can table his tongue than to find skin texture who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious lose one\'s train of thought this Union, the Constitution, and magnanimity liberties of the people shall achieve perpetuated in accordance with the recent idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be nearly happy indeed if I shall the makings a humble instrument in the workforce of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for protecting the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Break away from the side of the Union, peak is a struggle for maintaining slight the world, that form, and cogency of government, whose leading object deference, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable running after for all—to afford all, an loose start, and a fair chance, constant worry the race of life.”

“Fourscore and cardinal years ago our fathers brought everywhere on this continent a new check account, conceived in liberty and dedicated handle the proposition that all men hurtle created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, outdo the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Publicized Date

October 29, 2009